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An electrical power transformer is a device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It primarily functions to step up or step down voltage levels in electrical power systems, ensuring that power can be transmitted efficiently over long distances and distributed safely to consumers. Power transformers are essential in power plants, substations, and electrical grids to maintain the stability of the power supply. They are designed to handle high voltage and large currents, and are usually oil-immersed or air-cooled to manage heat and prevent damage during operation.

An oil-cooled distribution transformer is a type of electrical transformer that uses oil as a coolant to regulate the temperature of the transformer during operation. The oil not only cools the transformer but also provides insulation between the internal electrical components. These transformers are commonly used in medium- to low-voltage distribution networks to step down voltage levels for residential, commercial, and industrial use. The oil cooling system ensures efficient heat dissipation, allowing the transformer to handle higher loads and operate reliably in varying environmental conditions.